|
AAS |
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (analytical chemistry) |
|
ADAS |
Consultancy to land-based industries (UK) (www.adas.co.uk) |
|
ADI |
Acceptable Daily Intake (toxicology) |
|
AOC |
Assimilable Organic Carbon (water chemistry and biology) |
|
AWWA |
American Water Works Association (www.awwa.org) |
|
AWWARF |
American Water Works Association Research Foundation (www.awwarf.com) |
|
AMP |
Asset Management Plan |
|
BAC |
Biological Activated Carbon (water treatment) |
|
BAF |
Biological Aerated Filter (wastewater treatment) |
|
BAP |
Biodiversity Action Plan |
|
BATNEEC |
Best Available Techniques Not Entailing Excessive Costs |
|
BBSRC |
The Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (UK) (www.bbsrc.ac.uk) |
|
BFP |
Biofilm Formation Potential (water chemistry and biology) |
|
BGS |
British Geological Survey (www.bgs.ac.uk) |
|
BOD5 |
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (over a 5 day period) |
|
BPEO |
Best Practicable Environmental Option |
|
BPU |
Biocides and Pesticides Unit (part of HSE) |
|
BSE |
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy |
|
BSRIA |
Building Services Research & Information Association (UK) |
|
CABWI |
Certification and Assessment Board for the Water Industry (UK) |
|
CAP |
Common Agricultural Policy (European Union) |
|
CAPEX |
Capital Expenditure investment |
|
CBD |
Convention on Biological Diversity |
|
CCDC |
Consultant in Communicable Disease Control |
|
CCTV |
Closed Circuit Television |
|
CCW |
Countryside Council for Wales (http://www.ccw.gov.uk) |
|
CDSC |
Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (UK) (www.phls.co.uk) |
|
CEFAS |
Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (UK) |
|
CEH |
Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (UK) (www.ceh.ac.uk) |
|
CERC |
Centre for Environmental Research and Consultancy (Coventry University, UK) |
|
CEST |
Centre for Exploitation of Science and Technology (UK) |
|
CESWI |
Civil Engineering Specification for the Water Industry (UK) |
|
CFC |
Chlorofluorocarbons |
|
cfu |
Colony Forming Unit (Microbiology) |
|
CHEC |
Commonwealth Human Ecology Council |
|
CHIP |
The Classification (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply) Regulations (UK) |
|
CHP |
Combined Heat and Power |
|
CIEH |
Chartered Institute of Environmental Health (UK) (www.cieh.org.uk) |
|
CIRIA |
Construction Industry Research and Information Association (UK) (www.ciria.org.uk) |
|
CIS |
Common Implementation Strategy (re EU Water Framework Directive) |
|
CITES |
Convention for the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora |
|
CIWEM |
Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management (UK) (www.ciwem.org.uk) |
|
CJD |
Creutzfeld-Jakob's Disease |
|
CLRC |
Central Laboratory of the Research Councils (UK) |
|
CMS |
Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals |
|
COD |
Chemical Oxygen Demand (water chemistry) |
|
COGAP |
Code of Good Agricultural Practice |
|
CORDIS |
Community Research and Development Information Service (of the European Community) (www.cordis.lu) |
|
CPA |
Crop Protection Association (http://www.cropprotection.org.uk) |
|
CPHM |
Consultant in Public Health Medicine |
|
CPRE |
Council for the Protection of Rural England (www.cpre.org.uk) |
|
CSO |
Combined Sewer Overflow |
|
CV |
Check Valve (water engineering) |
|
DAF |
Dissolved Air Flotation (water and wastewater treatment) |
|
DARD |
Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (Northern Ireland) (www.dani.gov.uk) |
|
DBP |
Disinfection By-Product |
|
DDT |
An insecticide with the chemical name 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis-(4'-chlorophenyl)ethane |
|
Defra |
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (UK) (www.Defra.gov.uk) |
|
DETR |
Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (UK) to June 2001; replaced by Defra |
|
DMA |
District Meter Area (leakage control) |
|
DO |
Dissolved Oxygen (water chemistry) |
|
DOC |
Dissolved Organic Carbon (water chemistry) |
|
DoH |
Department of Health (UK) |
|
DSI |
Draft Statutory Instrument (England & Wales) |
|
DSR |
Draft (Northern Ireland) Statutory Rule |
|
DSSI |
Draft Scottish Stutory Instrument |
|
DTI |
Department of Trade and Industry (UK) |
|
DTLR |
Department for Transport, Local Government and the Regions (UK) (www.dtlr.gov.uk) |
|
DVGW |
Deutscher Verein des Gas-und Wasserfaches e.V (Bonn, Germany) |
|
DWI |
Drinking Water Inspectorate (UK) (www.dwi.gov.uk) |
|
EA |
Environment Agency (UK) (www.environment-agency.gov.uk) |
|
EBCT |
Empty Bed Contact Time (water treatment) |
|
EC |
European Community or Commision |
|
ECAP |
Eutrophication Control Action Plan |
|
EHO |
Environmental Health Officer (UK) |
|
EHS |
Environment and Heritage Service (www.doeni.gov.uk) |
|
EMAS |
Eco-Management and Audit Scheme |
|
EMS |
Environmental Management System |
|
EN |
English Nature (UK) (www.english-nature.org.uk) |
|
EPA |
Environment Protection Agency (US) |
|
EPSRC |
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK) (www.epsrc.ac.uk) |
|
ESA |
Environmentally Sensitive Area |
|
ESRC |
Economic and Social Research Council (UK) (www.esrc.ac.uk) |
|
EQO |
Environmental Quality Objective |
|
EQS |
Environmental Quality Standard |
|
ERA |
Environmental Risk Assessment |
|
EU |
European Union |
|
EUREAU |
European Union of National Associations of Water Suppliers and Waste Water Services |
|
EWPCA |
European Water Pollution Control Association (www.atv.de/ewpca/) |
|
FAO |
Food and Agriculture Organization ( of the United Nations) |
|
FWR |
Foundation for Water Research (UK) (www.fwr.org) |
|
GAC |
Granular Activated Carbon (water treatment) |
|
GATT |
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade |
|
GIS |
Geographic Information System |
|
GLV |
Guideline Value (water quality standards) |
|
GMO |
Genetically Modified Organism |
|
GWINTO |
The Gas and Water Industry National Training Organisation (UK) (wwww.gwinto.co.uk) |
|
HACCP |
Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point |
|
HAP |
Habitat Action Plan |
|
HMSO |
Her Majesty's Stationery Office (UK) (www.hmso.gov.uk) |
|
HPC |
Heterotrophic Plate Count (water biology) |
|
HSE |
Health and Safety Executive (UK) |
|
ICE |
The Institution of Civil Engineers (UK) (www.ice.org.uk) |
|
IFE |
Institute of Freshwater Ecology (UK) Since 2000 CEH Windermere (www.ceh.ac.uk) |
|
IFR |
Institute for Food Research (UK) |
|
IGER |
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research (UK) (www.iger.bbsrc.ac.uk/igerweb/) |
|
IH |
Institute of Hydrology (UK) (www.nwl.ac.uk/ih/) Since 2000 Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH), Wallingford. |
|
ILO |
International Labour Organisation |
|
IPC |
Integrated Pollution Control |
|
IRC |
International Water and Sanitation Centre (ww.irc.nl) |
|
ISO |
International Organization for Standardization |
|
ITE |
Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (UK) Since 2000 Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH) (www.ceh.ac.uk) |
|
IUVA |
International Ultra Violet Association (www.iuva.org) |
|
IVEM |
Institute for Virology and Environmental Microbiology. Since 2000 CEH Oxford (www.nerc-oxford.ac.uk/cehoxford/) |
|
IWA |
International Water Association (www.iwahq.org.uk) |
|
IWO |
Institution of Water Officers (UK) (www.iwo.org.uk) |
|
IPPC |
Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control |
|
JNCC |
Joint Nature Conservation Committee (UK) (http://www.jncc.gov.uk) |
|
LBAP |
Local Biodiversity Action Plan |
|
LEAP |
Local Environment Agency Plan |
|
LOAEL |
Lowest observed adverse effect level (toxicology) |
|
MAC |
Mycobacterium avium complex or Maximum Admissible Concentration |
|
MAFF |
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (UK) to June 2001; replaced by Defra |
|
MAPPs |
Ministerially Approved Pesticide Products (UK) |
|
MCL |
Maximum Contaminant Level (water quality standards) |
|
MDPE |
Medium Density Polyethylene (pressure pipe material) |
|
mgd |
Million gallons per day |
|
MHRA |
Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (UK) |
|
mld |
Megalitres per day |
|
MNR |
Marine Nature Reserve |
|
MSDS |
Material Safety Data Sheets |
|
MTBE |
Methyl-tert-butyl ether (water chemistry) |
|
NAPL |
Non Aqueous phase liquid |
|
NAS |
National Approval Scheme |
|
NAW |
National Assembly for Wales |
|
NERC |
Natural Environment Research Council (www.nerc.ac.uk) |
|
NGO |
Non Government Organisation |
|
NI |
Northern Ireland |
|
NJUG |
National Joint Utilities Group (UK) (www.njug.org.uk) |
|
NNR |
National Nature Reserve |
|
NOAEL |
No observed adverse effect level (toxicology) |
|
Nox |
Nitrogen Oxide (Air Quality) |
|
NPL |
National Physical Laboratory (UK) (www.npl.co.uk) |
|
NSA |
Nitrate Sensitive Area |
|
NTU |
Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (water chemistry) |
|
NVZ |
Nitrate Vulnerable Zone (water resource protection) |
|
OECD |
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (www.oecd.org) |
|
OFWAT |
Office of Water Services (UK) (www.ofwat.gov.uk) |
|
OPEX |
Operating Expenditure on a recurring annual basis |
|
OSEC |
On-Site Electrolytic Chlorination (water treatment) |
|
OSPAR |
Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North East Atlantic |
|
OST |
Office of Science and Technology (UK) (www.dti.gov.uk/ost/) |
|
PAC |
Powdered Activated Carbon (water treatment) |
|
PAH |
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (water chemistry) |
|
PAN |
Pesticide Action Network (http://pan-uk.org) |
|
PCV |
Prescribed Concentration or Value (water quality standards) |
|
pe |
Population Equivalent (wastewater treatment) |
|
PHLS |
Public Health Laboratory Service (UK) (www.phls.co.uk) |
|
PPCPs |
Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products |
|
ppm |
parts per million (equivalent to milligrams per litre for water) |
|
PRV |
Pressure Reducing Valve (water distribution) |
|
PSD |
Pesticides Safety Directorate (Executive Agency of Defra) (http://www.pesticides.gov.uk) |
|
psi |
pounds per square inch |
|
PTE |
Potentially Toxic Element |
|
PVC-U |
Unplasticised Polyvinyl Chloride (pressure pipe material) |
|
RBC |
Rotating Biological Contactor (wastewater treatment) |
|
RBTS |
Reed Bed Treatment System (wastewater treatment) |
|
REACH |
Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals (EU Commission initiative) |
|
RO |
Reverse Osmosis (water treatment) |
|
RSC |
Royal Society of Chemistry (UK) (www.rsc.org) |
|
RTC |
Real Time Control |
|
SAC |
Special Areas of Conservation |
|
SBR |
Sequencing Batch Reactor (wastewater treatment) |
|
SBWWI |
Society of British Water and Wastewater Industries (UK) (www.sbwwi.co.uk) |
|
SCADA |
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (system) |
|
SCI |
Society of Chemical Industry (UK) (www.soci.org) |
|
SDWA |
Safe Drinking Water Act (US legislation) |
|
SAC |
Special Area of Conservation |
|
SAP |
Species Action Plan |
|
SEPA |
Scottish Environmental Protection Agency (www.sepa.org.uk) |
|
SI |
Statutory Instrument (England & Wales) |
|
SME |
Small and Medium Sized Enterprises |
|
SNH |
Scottish National Heritage (http://www.snh.org.uk) |
|
SNIFFER |
Scottish and Northern Ireland Forum for Environmental Research |
|
SPA |
Special Protection Area |
|
SR |
Service Reservoir (water distribution) |
|
SRP |
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus (water chemistry) |
|
SS |
Suspended Solids (wastewater composition) |
|
SSI |
Scottish Statutory Instrument |
|
SSSI |
Site of Special Scientific Interest |
|
STW |
Sewage Treatment Works |
|
SWIG |
Sensors for Water Interest Group (UK) (www.swig.org.uk) |
|
TAD |
Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion (wastewater sludge treatment) |
|
tds |
Total dissolved solids (water chemistry) or tonne of dried solids (sewage sludge) |
|
THM |
Trihalomethane (water chemistry) |
|
TOC |
Total Organic Carbon (water chemistry) |
|
TWL |
Top Water level (water reservoirs) |
|
TZW |
Technologiezentrum Wasser (Karlsruhr, Germany) |
|
UKTAG |
UK WFD Technical Advisory Group |
|
UKWIR |
United Kingdom Water Industry Research Ltd (http://www.ukwir.org) |
|
UN |
United Nations |
|
UNEP |
United Nations Environment Programme |
|
UNESCO |
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization |
|
UWWTD |
Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (EC legislation) |
|
VFA |
Volatile Fatty Acid (wastewater chemistry) |
|
vlp |
virus like particle (water biology) |
|
VOC |
Volatile Organic Compound |
|
WaPUG |
Wastewater Planning Users Group (www.wapug.org.uk) |
|
WEDC |
Water Engineering and Development Centre (Loughborough University, UK) |
|
WEF |
Water Environment Federation (USA) (www.wef.org) |
|
WERF |
Water Environment Research Foundation (USA) (www.werf.org) |
|
WFD |
Water Framework Directive |
|
WHO |
World Health Organization |
|
WHOPES |
World Health Organization Pesticide Evaluation Scheme |
|
WRAS |
Water Regulations Advisory Scheme (UK) (www.wras.co.uk) |
|
WRC |
Water Research Commission (South Africa) (www.wrc.org.za) |
|
WRc |
Water Research Centre plc (UK) (www.wrcplc.co.uk) |
|
WSAA |
Water Services Association of Australia (www.wsaa.asn.au) |